Name________________________________________________
Block _____________________
Date________________
Solutions Review
Vocabulary
If the statement is true, write true. If the statement is false, replace the underlined term with the term
that makes the statement true.
1. A supersaturated solution contains less solute than a saturated solution under the same
conditions. ________________________
2. A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute is a(n) unsaturated solution.
_______________________
3. The speed with which sugar dissolved in tea depends on the temperature of the tea.
________________________
4. A molal solution contains 1 mol of solution per 1000g of solvent. ______________________
5. Molality is the concentration of a solution in moles of solute per kilogram of solvent. ________________
6. A molal and a molar solution of NaCl are the same. _____________________
7. In a molal solution, a specific amount of solvent is always used. _____________________________
8. The substance dissolved in a homogeneous mixture is the _________________________.
9. To conduct electricity, a solution must contain _____________________________.
10. A solution that contains more dissolved solute than does a saturated solution under the same
conditions is called a(n) _____________________________.
11. Mixtures are classified according to their _________________________.
12. The solubility of CuCl2 would ________________________ with increasing temperature.
13. A(n) _____________________ is a solution whose solute and solvent are both solid metals.
Define
14. concentration________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. dilute_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
16. concentrated_________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
17. Molarity______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
18. osmosis_______________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19. semipermeable membrane_________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Short Answer
20. Explain the meaning of the phrase “like dissolves like.” _________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ethanol dissolves in water, but carbon tetrachloride does not. What can you conclude about ethanol
and carbon tetrachloride?______________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
21. What are the differences between molarity and molality?_______________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Matching
Choose the term from Column A that is most closely related to the value or equation in Column B.
Column A
22. Molality
a. Δtf
23. Molal boiling-point constant
b. Kbm
24. Freezing-point depression
c. Kf
25. Molal freezing-point constant
d. Δtf/Kf
26. Boiling-point elevation
e. Kb
Experiment
A photographer adds 300g of hypo to 100g of water in a beaker and heats it to 45°C. A few crystals
remain at the bottom of the beaker. She adds more hypo and raises the temperature to 80°C to be
sure all the hypo is dissolved. She lets the solution cool and leaves it undisturbed. She then adds a
tiny crystal of hypo. A large amount of hypo crystallizes immediately. Chemists would say that the
solution is supersaturated.
27. What is a supersaturated solution?______________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
28. How could the photographer get the crystals back into solution?____________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Jose and Al want to prepare a liter of a molar solution of fructose. They have a liter graduated
cylinder, a balance, a stirring rod, and a container of fructose (C 6H12O6). They determine the gram
molecular mass of fructose as 192g by using the masses from the periodic table. They measure 192g
of fructose on the balance. Next they place the 192g of fructose in the graduated cylinder. Then they
add water to the half-liter mark and stir the solution.
29. What is the Molarity of the solution? Explain and show all calculations.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
30. How can they make their solution into a 1M solution?_________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Standardized Test Prep
31. Which is NOT used to prepare 1L of a 1M solution of NaCl?
a) 1 mole of NaCl b) 1L of NaCl solution c) 1L flask d)1L of water
32. Which is used to prepare 2L of a 0.5M solution of sucrose?
a) 1 mol of sucrose b) 0.5g of sucrose c) 1L of water d) 0.5L of water
33. Which statement is true?
a) To find molality, you must know the mass of solvent.
b) To find molality, you must know the volume of solvent.
c) Any molal solution must have exactly 1 mol of solute.
d) Any molal solution must have exactly 1 kg of solvent.
34. Which statement is true?
a) Any molal solution is concentrated.
b) Any molal solution is dilute.
c) a molal solution is designated M.
d) A molal solution is designated m.
35. The boiling point of a solution is
a) lower than the boiling point of the pure solvent.
b) higher than the boiling point of the pure solvent.
c) dependent only upon the vapor pressure of the solution.
d) not dependent upon the nature of the solvent.
36. The boiling point of a liquid can be changed by
a) adding a solute
b) changing the temperature of the liquid.
c) a change in the vapor pressure
d) both a and c.
37. Why is NaCl added to icy roads?
a) It causes the Na+ ions to cluster together. b) The NaCl keeps the ice from melting.
c) The coating provides traction for tires. D) It lowers the freezing point of water.
38. Molecules whose water solutions conduct electric current ______________.
a) are nonpolar b) ionize in water c) do not dissolve in water d) decompose in water
39. Which of the following does NOT increase the rate at which a solid dissolved in water?
a) raising the temperature b) stirring c) using large pieces of the solid d) crushing the solid
40. Raising the temperature of a solvent causes solvent-solvent collisions to become _________.
a) less frequent and more energetic b) more frequent and more energetic
c) less frequent and less energetic d) more frequent and less energetic
41. Solubility of a solute depends on ____________.
a) the nature of the solute and the temperature b) the nature of the solute only
c) the temperature only d) neither the nature of the solute nor the temperature
42. A solution that contains a high concentration of solute but that can hold even more solute is ______.
a) unsaturated and dilute b) saturated and dilute
c) unsaturated and concentrated d) saturated and concentrated
Graphic Organzier
43. Complete the chart by calculating the missing values. You will need to use the boiling point
elevation formula and show all work below.
Mass of Solute Solute Molar
Solvent
Solvent Mass
Boiling Point
Boiling Point
(g)
Mass(g)
(g)
Constant
Elevation (°C)
45.0
68.5
water
385.0
0.512
22.0
45.8
phenol
463.5
3.04
15.7
acetic acid
227.2
3.07
10.87
59.0
145.2
ether
2.02
2.34
86.3
170.4
naphthalene
428.9
5.80
Problems
44. What mass of water must be used to make a 1.35m solution that contains 8.20mol NaOH?
_______________________
45. What is the molarity of a solution composed of 8.210g of potassium chromate, K2CrO4, dissolved
in enough water to make 0.500L of solution?
________________________
46. What volume of 1.50M NaCl is needed for a reaction that requires 146.3g of NaCl?
________________________
47. What is the molal concentration of a solution made by dissolving 34.2g of sucrose, C 12H22O11, in
125g of water.
________________________