Chapters 10 & 11
Utah Studies
Chapter 10-The Territory Prospers
The Railroad Changes Utah
 Trains were important for moving raw
materials from mines to manufacturing
centers.
 They also carried raw material to
smelters.
 The finished product was then shipped to
manufacturing places in Utah and other
states.
 Utah could now export and import
materials from all over much easier.
Ogden
Union Station in Ogden
Corrine today and in the past
Corrine
Powell Expedition-1869
 Just ten days after the completion of the
transcontinental railroad, A Civil War Veteran
named John Wesley Powell came west to explore
the last part of the unexplored west.
 They lowered their boats into the Green River in
Wyoming.
 They went through a tall, red-rock canyon that
they named Flaming Gorge.
 The men braved rapids and climbed 2000 foot tall
canyon walls to collect rock samples.
Powell Expedition-1869
 They were running out of food, so three
members of the expedition left to find a
trail to Salt Lake City.
 They were never heard from again.
 As they went further down the Colorado
River they ran into rapids that broke their
oars and boats.
 They floated into the hugest, most
mysterious canyon ever.
John Wesley Powell with the
Paiutes (notice his arm)
John Wesley Powell
Powell’s Boat The Emma Dean
The Expedition as it entered the Grand Canyon
Schools in Utah
 Schools were held by Mormons in their churches.
 Sometimes they built separate school houses as
well.
 Those who had enough money hired a teacher to
come to their home to teach children.
 Presbyterians started 36 schools and 4 academies
in Utah.
 Two schools that were started then-Rowland Hall
and Wasatch Academy are still working schools.
Wasatch Academy
Oneida Stake Academy
The University of Deseret
Rowland Hall
Electricity comes to Utah
 In 1879 in Menlo Park, New Jersey Thomas Edison
invented the first practical light bulb.
 The first display of electric light in Utah was when
the circus came to Utah in 1880.
 By the early 1890’s only Salt Lake, Ogden, Logan,
Provo and Park City had electrical service. As
technology improved electric service improved.
 Mines were the first industry to use electricity.
 Electric streetcars, trains and telephones made life
more convenient for Utahns.
Electric Street Cars in SLC
An early electric light bulb
What an early telephone
looked like
A gas light-predecessor to
the electric light bulb
Butch Cassidy and the Wild Bunch
 Robert Parker, now known as Butch Cassidy was
born in Beaver, Utah.
 He left home as a young teen and lived a life of
robbing trains, banks and hiding out from the law.
 He and his gang known as the Wild Bunch robbed
many banks and trains in Utah, Idaho and
Wyoming.
 It is rumored they later fled to Argentina and
Bolivia.
Robbers Roost
Butch Cassidy
Chapter 11-Utah’s Struggle for Statehood
The Struggle for Statehood
 The people of the Utah Territory asked the U.S.
Congress to become a state in 1849, 1856, 1862,
1872, 1882 and 1887.
 Utah kept trying all of those times because there
were many benefits to statehood. There were 8
reasons why.
 #1-Utah citizens would not be inferior.
 #2-They could vote in Presidential Elections.
 #3-Represenatives in Congress could vote on laws.
The Struggle for Statehood
 #4-Utah could send two Senators to the U.S.
Senate.
 #5-Utah could elect judges instead of having them
chosen by the government.
 #6-Utah could write their own constitution and
make their own laws.
 #7-Utah would have power over education.
 #8-Utah would receive government services in
return for paying taxes.
The State of Deseret
and the Original Utah
Territory boundaries.
Look at the map on
page 225.
The State of Deseret
as proposed in 1849
The Struggle for Statehood
 Utah had enough people to become a state.
 There were lots of things said about the Mormons
by those who visited here.
 There were truths and rumors in what was said.
 There were seven roadblocks to statehood:
 #1-Lots of people were concerned about how
Mormons combined church with government and
economics.
 #2-All of the Mormon people voted together.
The Struggle for Statehood
 #3-Mormons settled their own court cases instead of
using the courts set up by the government.
 #4-LDS leaders encouraged Mormons to support
Mormon businesses so they could manage the
economics of the territory.
 #5-Mormons thought schools should cost, NonMormons did not.
 #6-Mormon Immigrants were seen as a threat to
getting jobs and land.
 #7-Polygamy was not acceptable to Non-Mormons
while Mormons thought it was their duty and right.
These top pictures are
some pictures of some
polygamist families in
Utah. Because the rest
of the county did not
think polygamy was
acceptable, many
Mormon church leaders
were wanted men who
served jail time.
Laws against Polygamy
 In Washington D.C. leaders vowed to eliminate
the “twins of barbarism”-slavery and polygamy.
They passed laws that mad life hard on
polygamists.
 The Edmunds-Tucker Act of 1887 was devastating
to the Mormons.
 It took away the vote from all Utah women and all
polygamist men and made polygamy illegal.
 It also took away the militia and confiscated all of
the property of the LDS Church.
Living on the Underground
 After the Edmunds Act was passed many
men and few women went to prison.
 Others went on the “underground” (in
hiding) in the territory, Eastern United
States, Canada and Europe.
 Mormon leaders began organizing
colonies in Canada and Mexico.
 Some polygamists were sent on foreign
missions.
Living on the Underground
 The Mormons thought that polygamy should be
protected by the bill of rights of the U.S.
Constitution.
 In a case called Reynolds v. the United States, the
Supreme Court said that polygamy was illegal.
 As a result of this “co-hab” hunts took place and
informers were paid $20 for each arrest.
 Many men went to prison rather than give up plural
marriage and abandoning their wives and children.
Living on the Underground
 In the middle of this chaos caused by the Edmunds
Act, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City in 1877.
 Brigham Young had been the leader of the
Mormon Church for 33 years and accomplished
some incredible things.
 John Taylor, a former Methodist minister, who had
been at Carthage Jail with Joseph Smith became
the new leader of the Mormon Church.
 He told Mormon Men it would be better to go
underground than to go to prison.
 He was the father of 35 children by 7 wives.
John Taylor-The leader of
the Mormons after
Brigham Young. He died in
the Kaysville Farmhouse
on the right because he
was in hiding because of
polygamy and did not
want to get arrested.
Brigham Young 1801-1877
The Lion House-This is where Brigham Young lived
in SLC. It was named the Lion House because
Brigham Young was called the “Lion of the Lord.”
The Manifesto Ends Polygamy
 After three years of the Edmunds Act it became
obvious that unless polygamy ended the Mormon
Church might end too.
 Wilford Woodruff, who took over for John Taylor
issued the Manifesto that told the Mormon
people there would be no new plural marriages.
 The manifesto was a huge step in helping the
Utah Territory achieve statehood.
 President Benjamin Harrison issued a
proclamation forgiving past polygamists.
Wilford Woodruff and
the newspaper
reporting on it being
read and published for
the members of the
Mormon Church
Women’s Suffrage
 In the early years of Utah’s settlement people
thought that if women got the right to vote, they
would end polygamy.
 The people of Utah were happy to let women vote
because they knew they were not being forced
into polygamy.
 The Edmunds-Tucker Act took that right away.
 Women would get the right when the 19 th
amendment was passed in 1920.
Writing Utah’s Constitution
 In 1895, President Grover Cleveland
authorized Utah to write a constitution.
 A constitution is a document that sets
out principles of the law and
government.
 It took sixty days, but the document was
finished in November 1895.
 Heber M. Wells was elected as Utah’s
first state governor.
Heber M. Wells
Grover Cleveland
The Glorious Day of Statehood
 In 1896 there were about 250,000 people living in
Utah.
 On January 4th, residents received word that the
proclamation had been signed declaring Utah the
45th state.
 People dashed out from a telegraph office and
fired a shotgun which was the signal that Utah
had become a state.
 A huge American flag with 45 stars hung from the
ceiling of the Salt Lake Tabernacle.
Downtown SLC
Salt Lake Temple