Exam 3 Review: Chapter 5 Integumentary System
Short Answer
1. Functions of the skin: body temperature regulation, protection, excretion and absorption, synthesis of vitamin
D, cutaneous sensations
2. If a needle pricks your forearm what is the correct order of epidermal layers it would go through: stratum
corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale
3. When exposed to UV rays this pigment can cause our skin to darken: melanin
4. Explain what happens as keratinocytes move up from the stratum basale: As they move up from the basale they
are getting further away from the blood and nutrients in the dermis so as they move up they begin to die
5. What is eccrine sweat composed of: water, ions (salt, chlorides) urea, ammonia, glucose
6. List the accessory organs of the integumentary system: hair, nails, glands (sebaceous glands, sudoriferous
glands)
7. What causes goosebumps: contraction of the arrector pili when cold or nervous
8. What is the type of tissue found in the epidermis (think of the 4 types of tissues covered in Chap. 4) : epidermal
tissue
9. What is the type of tissue found in the dermis (think of the 4 types of tissues covered in Chap. 4) : connective
tissue
10. Explain how the epidermis receives blood and nourishment: the epidermis contains NO blood vessels, but the
dermis contains blood vessels. The blood from the
11. How does sweat help cool the body down: sweat evaporates off the body causing it to cool down
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Hair shaft: part of the hair which is visible
Stratum lucidum: clear layer of the epidermis which is only found in thick skin
Sebaceous glands: Produce sebum, also known as oil glands
Langerhans cells: Epidermal cells which are involved in immunity
Arrector pili: smooth muscle found in the dermis which cause your hair to stand on end when you’re cold or
nervous
Keratin: protein produced by the keratinocytes of the epidermis, helps in protection. Nails and hair are
composed of keratin
Hair follicle: Sheath which surrounds the hair root, composed of epithelial and connective tissue
Nail matrix: where nail growth occurs
Cutaneous receptors: Specialized nerve endings that respond to temperature, touch and pain
Sudoriferous glands: sweat glands
True or False: If the statement is false, change the bolded term to make it true
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
The presence of keratin protects the skin from damaging effects of the sun: False; Melanin
The skin is also known as the cutaneous membrane: True
Keratinocytes are the most numerous type of cell found in the epidermis: True
In order to produce Vitamin D, the skin needs to be exposed to heat: False; UV rays
Dark-skinned people have the same number of melanocytes as light-skinned people: True
Merkel cells are responsible for producing keratin: False; Keratinocytes
Eccrine glands are the most common type of sweat gland: True
The hypodermis is considered to be part of the skin: False; Hypodermis is not part of the skin
The epidermis is responsible for most of the skin’s structural strength: False; Dermis
Matching: Some of these can be used more than once
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Cell division occurs in this layer of the epidermis: G
Layer of the skin which is composed of dense connective tissue: A
Glands which respond to elevated body temperatures: D
Sensory receptor which respond to the stimulus of touch: E
The secretions of ______________ glands are thought to function as a sexual
attractant: C
Layer of the epidermis where cells go through apoptosis (programed cell
death): F
Portion of the hair which is below the surface of the skin: B
Most cutaneous sensory receptors are found in the: A
This type of gland is most commonly found in the axilla and the groin: C
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Dermis
Root
Apocrine
Eccrine
Meissners corpuscles
Stratum granulosum
Stratum basale
Labeling: Label the following picture
Hair Shaft
Epidermis
Stratum Basale
Hair Shaft
Sebaceous Gland
Arrector Pili
Dermis
Hair Follicle
Sudoriferous gland