The Ottoman, Safavid and
Mogual Empires A. D. 1450- 1800
Test Review
To which religion did most Ottomans belong?
a.
b.
Christian
Buddhism
c.
d.
Sunni Muslim
Shia Muslim
By 1500, the Indian subcontinent was divided into
which two types of kingdoms?
a. Christian and Buddhist
b. Muslim and Christian
c. Hindu and Muslim
d. Hindu and Buddhist
Which religion included the custom of suttee in
India?
a.
b.
Islam
Christianity
c.
d.
Buddhism
Hinduism
Ottoman expansion in the early fourteenth
century eventually led to their control over
a.
b.
c.
d.
the Danube Valley.
Italy.
the Bosporus and the Dardanelles.
the Hungarian plain.
Recruited from the local Christian population in
the Balkans, the janissaries were
a.
a guerrilla army that sought to drive out
the Ottoman Turks.
b. religious zealots who sought to convert
Muslims to Christianity.
c.
used to teach philosophy to the sultan’s
children.
d. converted to Islam and trained as foot
soldiers or administrators to serve the sultan.
The Ottoman central government appointed
officials called ____.
a.
b.
politicos
viziers
c.
d.
pashas
ulemas
The hereditary nature of the position of sultan
a. added stability to the Ottoman Empire, a
major factor in its long life.
b. led to struggles over succession between
the sons of the sultan.
c.
resulted in a lack of viable candidates,
which caused the ultimate decay of the
Ottoman Empire.
d. formed the basis of democracy in the
Ottoman Empire.
What was the name of the group of Ottoman
religious advisers that administered the legal
system and schools for educating Muslims?
a.
b.
pasha
vizier
c.
d.
politicos
ulema
Under Shah Abbas, the Safavid dynasty
a.
b.
c.
d.
reached the high point of its glory.
rapidly declined until it was too weak to
fight off its many enemies.
had their capital of Esfahan captured by
the Ottomans.
witnessed a relaxation of traditional
religious beliefs.
The Safavids differed from many of their
Islamic neighbors because they were ardent
a.
b.
Sunnis.
c.
Catholics. d.
Shias.
Hindus.
Who founded the Mogul dynasty?
a.
b.
Akbar
Babur
c.
d.
Riza-i-Abbasi
Süleyman I
Sir Robert Clive was an aggressive British empire
builder who
a.
b.
c.
d.
allowed the Dutch to take over British forts
because of his shortsightedness.
mismanaged the British South India
Company until it went bankrupt.
angered the British government by falsely
acting as its representative.
was empowered by the British crown to
fight any force that threatened the East
India Company’s power in India.
Why is Aurangzeb considered to be one of India’s
most controversial rulers?
a.
He brought the Mogul Empire to its greatest
physical size, yet it was plagued by religious
intolerance and constant warfare.
b. He was a Muslim ruling a largely Hindu
population.
c.
He allowed the most freedom for women.
d. He brought the Mogul Empire to its greatest
heights, yet the lack of a competent heir brought
the empire into complete ruin.
In the late thirteenth century, a new group of
Turks under their leader Osman began to
build power in
a.
b.
c.
d.
Syria.
the western end of the Danube Valley.
the northwest corner of the Anatolian
Peninsula.
the eastern end of India.
Under the leadership of ____, the Ottomans
conquered Constantinople and gained
dominance over the Balkans and the Anatolian
Peninsula.
a.
b.
Mehmet II
Sultan Selim I
c.
d.
Shah Abbas
Sinan
“Gunpowder empires” were empires that
a. fell apart due to attacks by other
empires with more sophisticated
technology.
b. were formed by outside conquerors who
unified the regions they conquered.
c. disintegrated almost as quickly as they
were formed.
d. did not encounter any resistance during
their formation.
During the meetings of the imperial council,
the sultan of the Ottoman Empire
a.
b.
c.
d.
was often advised by the queen mother.
sat at a raised table that allowed him to
oversee all of his councilors.
spied on his councilors with help from his
bodyguards.
sat behind a screen and privately
indicated his desires to the grand vizier.
The greatest of all Ottoman architects, ____
built 81 mosques.
a.
Mehmet II c.
Süleyman I
b. Sinand. Sultan Selim I
Which of the following brought an era of unity
to the subcontinent of India in the 1600s?
a.
b.
Christians
Moguls
c.
d.
Muslims
Mongols
Riza-i-Abbasi, the most famous painter of the
Safavid Era,
a.
b.
c.
d.
created immense murals that were tributes
to the glory of the Safavid rulers.
created works of such incredible realism
hat they amaze artists today.
used vibrant beads in his complex works.
created exquisite works with soft colors and
flowing movement.
What two elements aided Akbar in gaining
control of almost all of India?
a.
heavy artillery and successful negotiators
b.
advanced weaponry and fierce warriors
c.
superior strategy and rebellious generals
d.
his fearsome reputation and fighting skills
In the Mogul Empire local officials, known as
____, kept a portion of the taxes paid by the
peasants in lieu of a salary.
a.
b.
pashas
ulema
c.
d.
janissaries
zamindars
What Mogul school of painting combined
Persian with Indian motifs?
a.
b.
“Agra style”
c.
“Jahangir style” d.
“Akbar style”
“Aurangzeb style”
“There are in the city besides the Turks, countless Jews, or Marrani expelled from Spain;
these are they who have taught and who are teaching every useful art to the Turks; and
the greater part of the shops and arts are kept and exercised by these Marrani. There is a
place which is called Bezestan, where they sell and buy all sorts of cloth and Turkish wares,
silks, stuffs, linens, silver, wrought gold, bows, slaves, and horses; and in short all the things
that are to be found in Constantinople are brought there to market: this, except for Friday,
is open every day.”
—Benedetto Ramberti
From where were the Jews who lived in Constantinople expelled?
a.
b.
Hungary c.
Spain
d.
Germany
Italy
According to this passage, what is Bezestan?
a.
b.
a government building
a mosque
c.
d.
a market
a private residence
The janissary corps were the elite soldiers and administrators of the sultan’s army. They
were young Christian boys chosen because of their “good appearance and good physical
build.” This policy of recruiting janissaries lasted until 1634. After 1634, new recruits came
from the sons of janissaries and were less disciplined. To minimize the impact on the
Ottoman treasury, the janissaries took jobs in the winter (when they were usually not
fighting) as artisans. By 1826, the janissary force had grown so large—135,000 strong—and
so powerful that the sultan was forced to massacre all its members. The demise of the
janissaries corresponded with the decline of the Ottoman Empire.
What was the sultan forced to do when the janissary force grew too large?
a.
b.
fire its members
invade the Balkans
c.
d.
kill its members
split it into different groups
c.
d.
worked as merchants.
worked as artisans.
During the winter, the janissaries
a.
b.
worked as priests.
worked as peasants.
In 1507, Safavid ruler Shah Esma’il began raiding Ottoman lands in eastern Asia Minor,
antagonizing the Ottomans and making future conflict between the two empires inevitable.
Tensions reached their height in 1514, and the two armies met in August of that year in
Chaldiran. The Ottomans, the first Islamic empire to employ artillery in warfare, completely
decimated the Safavid cavalry. Esma’il withdrew his troops and the Ottoman Sultan, Selim I,
did not pursue him. Following the battle, the Safavid capital was moved from Tabriz to
Qazvin. The battle also established the border between the two empires, which remains
the border between Turkey and Iran today.
Where did the Ottoman and Safavid armies meet in the year 1514?
a.
b.
Tabriz
Qazvin
c.
d.
Istanbul
Chaldiran
What was significant about the battle described in this passage?
a.
b.
c.
d.
It marked the first time the Safavids had antagonized the Ottomans.
The Ottomans’ use of artillery was a decisive tactical advantage.
As a result of the battle, the Safavid capital was moved from Qazvin to Tabriz.
It marked the first battle among many between present-day Iran and Turkey.
“If ideas of conquest were to be the rule of our conduct, I foresee
that we should, by necessity, be led from acquisition to acquisition,
until we had the whole empire up in arms against us; and whilst we
lay under the great disadvantage of fighting without a single ally,
(for who could wish us well?) the natives, left without European
allies, would find, in their own resources, means of carrying on war
against us in a much more soldierly manner than they ever thought
of when their reliance on European allies encouraged their natural
indolence. The last battle fought against Kasim Ali Khan is a proof of
this assertion, for never did the troops of India fight so well.”
Robert Clive, 1765
According to this passage, what disadvantage did the British have in India?
a.
b.
a lack of military leadership
a lack of knowledge of the terrain
c.
d.
a lack of allies
a lack of weapons
According to this passage, with whom did the Indian troops fight well?
a.
b.
Kasim Ali Khan
Shah Jahan
c.
d.
Akbar
Babur
Which word best describes Robert Clive’s
attitude toward Indian troops in this passage?
a.
b.
angry
dismissive
c.
d.
fearful
condescending
Merchants from across Central Asia traded their
goods at
a.
b.
churches. c.
bazaars. d.
palace complexes.
country fairs.
Safavid Persia found trade with Europe difficult
because
a. European countries were not interested in
trading with the Safavids.
b. taxes were high on European goods.
c. the Safavids only traded within its own
empire.
d. it was blocked by European sea power and
Ottoman land power.
When the Ottomans gained control of the
trade crossroads of Constantinople, Europeans
a. stopped attempts to trade with the East.
b. established their own trade routes through
the city.
c. looked to the seas for new trade routes.
d. attacked the city.
Under Süleyman I, the Ottomans won a
victory over the Hungarians at the Battle of
____, further expanding their empire.
a.
b.
Lepanto
Vienna
c.
d.
Constantinople
Mohács
Akbar, like all Mogul rulers, practiced
a.
b.
Christianity.
Islam.
c.
d.
Hinduism.
Buddhism.
By the seventeenth century, Britain’s chief
European rival for trade in India was
a.
b.
France.
Spain.
c.
d.
the Netherlands.
Italy.
After a European army pushed the Ottomans
out of _______, the Ottoman Turks were no
longer a threat to Central Europe.
a.
b.
Moldavia
Italy
c.
d.
Hungary
Walachia
In the eighteenth century, the Safavid ruling
family was forced to retreat to _______, their
original homeland.
a. Azerbaijan
b. the Anatolian Peninsula
c. India
d. Russia