The Civil War
The Civil War
S.C. Curriculum Standards
• 4.1.15 Compare and contrast the ways of
life in the North and South;
• 4.1.16 State the causes and events leading
up to the Civil War;
• 4.1.17 Identify the notable figures of the
Civil War and the roles they played;
• 4.1.18 Describe the Civil War and its effects
on the nation.
The Civil War
• The Civil War is the
only war fought on
American soil (land)
by Americans.
• 3 million fought -many died.
• It was fought from
1861 - 1865.
Who fought in the war?
• The Northern and Southern states fought
against each other in the war.
• They were called the Union (northern
states/United States Government) and the
Confederacy (southern states).
• On a sheet of paper, list which states were
considered the Union and which states were
considered the Confederacy.
The Union
• The following states made up the
Union:
• California, Connecticut,, Illinois,
Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky,
Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York,
Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode
Island, Vermont, Delaware, and
Wisconsin.
The Confederacy
• The following states
fought for the
Confederacy:
• Alabama, Arkansas,
Florida, Georgia,
Louisiana,
Mississippi, North
Carolina, South
Carolina, Tennessee,
Texas, and Virginia.
What are some of the reasons
for the war?
• Different ways of life … the South had an
agricultural economy and the North had an
economy that depended more on trade.
• The North welcomed modernization; the
south wanted to hold onto the past and did
not welcome change.
Reasons for the War
• Slavery
• The Compromise of 1850
• The Kansas-Nebraska Act
• The Dred Scott Decision
• The raid at Harper’s Ferry
Secession
• Some supporters of secession felt that states had
rights and powers that the federal government
could not legally deny.
• South Carolina was the first state to withdraw
(secede) from the union in December 1860.
Click on this site to view the secession ordinance
http://www.virtualology.com/virtualwarmuseum.com
/uscivilwarhall/southcarolinasecession.com/
Beginnings of War
• On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces
being lead by General Pierre G. T.
Beauregard fired on Fort Sumter
(Charleston, SC).
• On April 15, Abraham Lincoln ordered
troops to regain the fort.
• The South viewed Lincoln’s order as a
“Declaration of War.”
Civil War Leaders
•
•
•
•
•
•
Abraham Lincoln, President (United States)
Jefferson Davis, President (Confederate States)
Ulysses S. Grant, Northern General
Robert E. Lee, Southern General
William T. Sherman, Northern General
Stonewall Jackson, Southern General
• Click on this site to study additional Civil War
Leaders
http://www.us-civilwar.com/leaders.htm
Abraham Lincoln
President of the United States
• Commander and chief
of the U.S. Armed
Forces
• Freed the slaves with
“The Emancipation
Proclamation”
(January 1, 1863)
• Delivered the
Gettysburg Address
Jefferson Davis
President of the Confederate
States of America
• Commander and chief
of the Confederate
Armed forces
Robert E. Lee
• Confederate General
• Surrendered the
Confederate forces to
Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant
• Union General
• Accepted surrender
of the Confederate
forces
Remembering Civil War
Leaders
• On a piece of paper, write down the names
of as many Civil War Leaders as you can
remember.
• List which side (North or South) they
fought for.
• How many did you list?
Major Civil War Battles
• Fort Sumter
• First Battle of Bull
Run
• Battle of Antietam
• Battle of Gettysburg
• Battle of Shiloh
Surrender
• April 9, 1865,
Appomattox
Courthouse, Virginia
• Robert E. Lee
surrenders to Ulysses
S. Grant
Terms of Surrender
• Grant gave generous terms of surrender to
the Confederate soldiers.
• Soldiers received a day’s rations, were
released on parole, and were allowed to
keep their mules and horses.
Results of the War
• 620,000 soldiers died from battles or
disease during the Civil War.
• After the war, Northerners and Southerners
were resentful toward each other for many
years.
• The war changed the southern way of life.
• The Civil War ended slavery.
• The Civil War introduced modern warfare.
• The Union was preserved!
Bibliography
• “American Memory.” Library of Congress
<http://memory.loc.gov/>.
• Boritt, Gabor S. “Civil War.” The World Book
Encyclopedia, 1995 ed. World Book, Inc.:
Chicago, 1994.
• “Civil War Leaders.” <http://www.uscivilwar.com/leaders.htm>.
• “Civilwar.com.” <http://www.civilwar.com/>.
• Library of Congress <http://www.loc.gov>.