Bell Work: 4/9/13
Use Chapter 22 in your textbook to answer
the following questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Draw and label a transverse wave. Be sure
that all parts are properly labeled.
Draw and label a longitudinal wave.
__________ waves vibrate back and forth.
___________ waves vibrate up and down.
Objectives

SPI 0707.11.5 Compare and contrast the
different parts of a wave.

SPI 0707.11.6 Differentiate between
transverse and longitudinal waves in terms
of how the are produced and transmitted.
Glue Ins…
When we finish writing the
notes you will cut out the third
of the notes that say Nature of
Waves.
You need to leave the page
across from it for a picture you
will draw.
Nature of Waves
Look @ pg. 602!
A wave is any disturbance that transmits energy through
matter or empty space.
Examples:
water waves in the ocean
microwaves inside the microwave oven
light waves from the sun
radio waves transmitted to the radio
sound waves from the radio, telephone, &
voices
Nature of Waves
Most waves transfer energy by the vibration of particles in a
medium.
A medium is a substance through which a wave can travel.
A medium can be a solid, liquid, or gas.
Question:
You are a commander of a space station located about halfway
between Earth and the moon. You are in the Command Center, and
your chief of security tells you that sensors have just detected an
explosion 61.054 km from the station.
How long will it be before you hear the sound of the explosion?
Sound waves need a medium through which to travel. If there
are no particles to vibrate, no sound is possible!
Electromagnetic waves, like visible light, can transfer energy
without going through a medium.
Nature of Waves
Types of Waves:
Waves in which the particles vibrate in an up-and-down motion
are called transverse waves.
The particles in transverse waves move perpendicular to the
direction the wave is going.
The highest point of a transverse wave is called a crest.
The lowest point of a transverse wave is called a trough.
All electromagnetic waves are considered transverse waves.
Transverse wave…
Draw this wave on the page across from the “Nature of Waves”
notes.
Label: crest and trough
Nature of Waves
Types of Waves:
In a longitudinal wave, the particles of the medium vibrate
back and forth along the path that the wave moves.
A part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are crowded
together is called a compression.
A part of a longitudinal wave where the particles are spread
apart is called a rarefaction.
A sound wave is an example of a longitudinal wave. .
Longitudinal Wave
Draw this wave on the same page that you drew the
transversal wave
Label: rarefactions and compressions.
Bell work: 4/10/13

TCAP practice questions numbers 36-40
Justify each of your answers in the white spaces in
the book
Do the work on your own!
Don’t
forget to underline important words Read the
answers, then the question
Use the process of elimination
Don’t change your answers!
Objectives

SPI 0707.11.5 Compare and contrast the different
parts of a wave.

SPI 0707.11.6 Differentiate between transverse and
longitudinal waves in terms of how the are produced
and transmitted.
Properties of Waves
The amplitude of a wave is the height of the wave.
A wave’s amplitude is the maximum distance that the particles
of a medium vibrate from its rest position.
Larger amplitude = more energy
Smaller amplitude = less energy
Properties of Waves
A wavelength is the distance between any two crests or
compressions next to each other in a wave.
The distance between two troughs or rarefactions next to
each other is also a wavelength.
Shorter wavelength = more energy
Longer wavelength = less energy
Amplitude and Wavelength

Draw and label the properties of a wave:
amplitude and wavelength on the front of
the “Properties of Waves” flap.

You can use pg. 608-609 if you need help.
Properties of Waves
Frequency is the number of waves produced in a given
amount of time is called the frequency of a wave.
Measure the frequency by counting either the number of
crests or troughs that pass a point in a certain amount of
time.
Frequency is expressed in Hertz (Hz).
Higher frequency = more energy
Properties of Waves
Wave speed is the speed at which a wave travels.
Wave speed can be calculated by using the following
formula:
v = λ x f or v = λ • f
v = wave speed
λ = wavelength
f = frequency
Determine the wave speed of a
wave that has a wavelength of 5 m
and a frequency of 4 Hz. Express
the units as m/s.
Wave Interactions
Reflection happens when a wave bounces back after hitting a
barrier.
All waves- including water, sound, and light waves- can be
reflected.
Light waves reflecting off an object allow you to see the
object.
Light reflects off surfaces the same way that a ball bounces
off the ground.
If you throw the ball straight down against a smooth surface,
it will bounce straight up.
If you bounce it at an angle, it will bounce away at an angle.
Wave Interactions
Reflection (cont.)
A reflected sound wave is called an echo.
The light is reflecting off the mirror and back into your
eyes so that you are able to see yourself.
How does the pencil look broken?
Wave Interactions
Refraction is the bending of a wave as it passes from one
medium to another at an angle.
Rainbows are created when sunlight is refracted by water
droplets.
The water droplets separate white light into the colors of
visible light: ROY G. BIV (red, orange, yellow, green, blue,
indigo, violet)
Wave Interactions
The bending of waves around a barrier or through an opening
is known as diffraction.
Wave Interactions
The result of two or more waves overlapping is called
interference.
If you move a rope at certain frequencies, the rope appears to
vibrate in loops.
The loops come from the interference between the wave you
made and the reflected wave, thus resulting in a standing
wave. Certain parts of the wave are always at rest position.
Bell Work 4/11/13
TCAP practice questions in the folder at your
group
 Do NOT write on the worksheet
 Justify your answers!
 Do the work on your own!

1.
As a wavelength decreases,
the crests of the wave
A become wider.
B become shorter.
C get closer together.
D get farther apart.
Objectives

SPI 0707.11.5 Compare and contrast the
different parts of a wave.

SPI 0707.11.6 Differentiate between
transverse and longitudinal waves in terms
of how the are produced and transmitted.
Wave Interactions
The frequencies at which standing waves are made are called
resonant frequencies.
When an object vibrating at or near the resonant frequency of
a second object causes the second object to vibrate,
resonance occurs.
A resonating object absorbs energy from the vibrating object
and vibrates, too.
Tacoma Narrows Bridge AKA “Galloping Gertie” is a
phenomenon, or an extraordinary event, that caused a lot of
destruction because of resonance.
Watch this Video!
Today’s Agenda:
1.
Take home quiz due Monday