Tuesday
January 7, 2014
Mariano Marissa
Lucas
Kylie
Napthali
Karrena
Jannett Jonathan
Kacey
Danielle Destiny
Isabelle
Teo
Nate
Jesse
Arlene
Steven
David
Angie
Chris
Samone
Matt
Desiree
Elizabeth
Elias
Elijah
Acsa
Chloe
Sandra
Jenny
Chris
Faith
Jabbaar
Molly
Valentin
Josiah
Lukas
Nic
Gigi
Jayda
Alex B.
Luis
Donald
Raul
Victoria
Ashley Elizabeth
Isabel
Fernando
Sara
Josh
Icses
Damian
Amber
Stephanie Parker
Adria
Icses
Sabrina
Daisy
Jesse
Jesus
Anthony
Josh
Mac
Ashley
Rosa
Allyson
Sam
Stephanie
Jordan
Jimmy
Adilene
Alyssa
Angel
Maria
Liz
Julia
Daniel
Brenda
Danny
Frank
Cesar
Miguel
Moses
Isabella
Ciera
Aizeck
Colby
Yasmin
Savvy
Bobby
Amy
Sandra
Demi
Ben
Antonio Andrew
Quintin
Elijah
Alejandra
Erik
Tina
Christina
Ashley Elizabeth
Icses
Adria
Jr.
th
Century
19
 What do you know about it?
 What was going on during this time?
 Which era was taking place?
 What were some major events that took place?
Progressive Era
 1895 – 1917 (start of WWI)
 American women earn the right to vote in 1918
 Jazz music becomes very popular
 Filmmaking becomes very popular
 Accessibility to tobacco and alcohol
 The point is . . . Social change was happening fast!
19th Century American
Literature
 Muckraking and Reform
 Journalistic Phenomenon
 The “literature of exposure”
 Magazines are the primary medium, followed by
newspapers
 Focus on failures of government and corporations
 Primary targets of muckrakers:
 Child labor, exploitation of minorities by government and
corporations, meat processing industry, photography of Jacob
Riis depicting the crime and disease
Jacob Riis
 Born in Ribe, Denmark in 1849
 Immigrated to New York in 1870 at 21 years old.
 Initially, he was unable to find work, so he lived in police
lodging houses, begging for food.
 After three years of doing odd jobs, he landed a job as a
police reporter with the New York Evening Sun. He worked in
the poorest, most crime-ridden areas of the city. These were
generally neighborhoods where immigrants lived in
deplorable tenement houses.
 He is considered one of the fathers of photojournalism.
Jacob Riis
 How the Other Half Lives inspired then police commissioner
Theodore Roosevelt to close the police lodging houses as
the conditions were so poor.
 One of the things that Jacob Riis recognized was the need
for parks and open spaces. The overcrowded tenement
neighborhoods were unhealthy and helped breed crime. Riis
said, “Bad boys and bad girls are not born but made . . .
They are made bad by environment and training. The
children must have room to play.”
 He was called “New York’s most useful citizen.”
How the Other Half Lives
 In the 1890s, many people in the middle and upper
class society were unaware of the dangerous conditions
in the slums among poor immigrants.
 He blamed the apathy of the middle and upper classes
for the conditions of the New York slums, and
assumed that as people were made more aware of
these conditions they would be motivated to help
eradicate them.
Let’s recall . . .
Visual Rhetoric
Why is it important?
 We use visual thinking as a major part of our
cognition.
 We live in a visually dominating world!
 We must be able to read, dissect, and produce effective
visuals.
The Goal
 The goal of rhetorical analysis is to demonstrate your
understanding of how the piece communicates its
messages and meanings.
 Often, you are not looking to place a value judgment
on the piece, and if there is an implicit or implied
argument you may not be ultimately taking a side.
Let’s recall . . .
 Before break, we talked about how images present
arguments. What were the ways?
With your photos . . .
 1. Each member at your table should choose one of
Riis’s photos.
 2. “Read” the photo and create a brief list of possible
titles for the photo. Once you have done so, trade with
another person in your group and repeat with the other
pictures.
 3. Once you have each come up with your lists of
possible titles, discuss what you came up with and
WHY. Be specific and back up your claim with
evidence based on your knowledge. Be ready to share!
5 Cent Lodging
$1 a Month
Dens of Death
Homeless Children
Exit Ticket
 Why is visual rhetoric important?
 How did Riis use his photos to present an argument?
Write using your knowledge of the three persuasive
appeals and the goal(s) of the muckrakers.
 MAKE SURE TO WRITE IN COMPLETE
SENTENCES. IF YOU FAIL TO DO SO, I WILL
AUTOMATICALLY MARK IT A 0 AND RETURN
IT TO YOU. 