The World
of
Geography!
Geography is the study of
Earth’s physical features
An important tool used to
study geography is a
Map!
Map reading is an
important skill, with a
vocabulary all its own!
Cardinal Directions
are North, East,
South and
West.
Cardinal Directions
are shown on a
map as a compass
rose.
Latitude
is shown on a
map as a
horizontal
line.
Lines of Latitude are parallel lines.
They go around, but never touch
or intersect each other.
The Equator is a line of
latitude which is the
midway point between
the northern and
southern hemispheres
Longitude is a
vertical line seen
on a globe or
map. The long
lines goes
top to bottom.
Meridian is a line of
longitude
Prime Meridian is zero
degrees longitude, the
first line of longitude
globe
Class
Drill:
Place an O where 40 South Latitude and 40 West Longitude meet (intersect).
1. Find 0 degrees on the bottom of the map.
2. Move to the west (left) and find 40”.
Keep your finger on this spot.
3. Now, find 0 degrees – Equator on the left middle side of the map.
4. Move South and find 40 degrees (downward). Keep your finger on this spot.
5. Move one finger slowly up from the bottom 40 degrees and to the right on the other 40
23. Place an X on the map where
20 North Latitude and 20 East
Longitude meet (intersect).
21. The degree of Longitude which
goes through the center of North
America ____, South America ___.
22. The degree of Latitude which
goes through the center of North
America ___, South America ___.
20. Place 20 on the Equator.
Place 20A North of the Equator.
Place 20B South of the Equator.
Each half of the Earth is
called a Hemisphere
We live in the
Western Hemisphere
We live
here ->
The Western Hemisphere
is made of
It includes North and South America.
North America is a
continent made of
7 small countries of
Central America
and 3 large
countries, which
are Canada, Mexico
and the United
States.
Western
Hemisphere
To the left is a
view of
Latin America.
(It begins with Mexico)
The tropical
Caribbean Islands
are also part of
North American
continent, as well
as being part of
Latin America.
Although the
countries of Central
America and
Mexico are located
on the North
American
Continent, they are
part of the region
of Latin America.
Western
Hemisphere
To the left is a
view of Latin
America. It is
made of South
America, the
Caribbean
Islands and
Middle America,
which is Mexico
and the 7
countries of
Central America.
To the right
is the
Western
Hemisphere.
Latin
America is
shaded in
green.
Canada
United States
Equator
Equator
Now it’s time to
answer questions
18 - 20 B on your
study guide
20. Place 20 on the Equator. Place 20A North of the Equator. Place 20B South of the
Equator.
21. The degree of Longitude which goes through the center of North America ______,
South America ____.
22. The degree of Latitude which goes through the center of North America ______,
South America ____.
23. Place an X on the map where 20 North Latitude and 20 East Longitude meet